Caldecott Medal Winner

Ox-Cart Man

by Barbara Cooney

Summary

A New Hampshire farmer spends a year gathering what his family has grown and made, wool spun into yarn, a birch broom, shingles split by hand, a keg of maple syrup, and when autumn comes he loads it all onto his ox cart and walks ten days to the market at Portsmouth. There he sells everything he brought, down to the cart itself and finally the ox that pulled it, and walks home with only a bag of coins and a few small things he has bought for his family, a knife, an embroidery needle, peppermint candy. Winter closes in, the family begins the whole cycle of growing, spinning, and building again, and by the next October there is another cart to load and another walk to make, the same journey repeating itself the way the seasons do.

Barbara Cooney paints the farm and the road to Portsmouth in a soft, muted folk art palette, flattened perspective and simplified shapes that recall New England primitive painting rather than a naturalistic landscape, letting the changing color of the fields carry the passage of a full year across the book's spreads. Donald Hall wrote the text as a poem well before Cooney illustrated it, and its plain, repetitive language, first this was sold, then this, then this, mirrors the steady, uncomplaining rhythm of the family's labor.

Read aloud, the book moves slowly and calmly, closer to a chant than a plotted story, and that pace suits four to eight year olds especially well at bedtime, since nothing in it startles or resolves so much as simply continues. Children often notice before adults do that the family ends the book with almost nothing, an empty cart and empty stalls, and that the story treats this not as loss but as the plain shape of a working year.

Historical Context & Significance

Ox-Cart Man won the 1980 Caldecott Medal, Barbara Cooney's second after Chanticleer and the Fox in 1959. The three Honor Books that year were Rachel Isadora's Ben's Trumpet, Chris Van Allsburg's The Garden of Abdul Gasazi, and Uri Shulevitz's The Treasure.

Donald Hall first published "Ox Cart Man" as a poem in The New Yorker on October 17, 1977, and reworked it into the picture book text Cooney illustrated two years later for Viking Press. The book later appeared on an episode of the PBS series Reading Rainbow, extending its reach well beyond the classrooms where it was already a staple of units on early American rural life, and its cyclical structure, everything made, sold, and made again, has kept it in print as one of the more commonly assigned history related Caldecott winners.