Housekeeping
by Marilynne Robinson
Summary
Ruth narrates her own upbringing in the small, remote town of Fingerbone, Idaho, built beside a lake that once swallowed a passenger train and, years later, her grandfather with it. After her mother Helen drives Ruth and her younger sister Lucille to their grandmother's house, leaves them on the porch, and drowns herself in the same lake, the girls pass from their grandmother's careful housekeeping to their great aunts' anxious, temporary care before their mother's sister Sylvie arrives to take charge of them. Sylvie has spent years drifting, riding freight trains and sleeping on benches, and she keeps house by her own strange logic, letting leaves and water into the rooms and sleeping in her clothes, treating a home as something to pass through rather than to keep. Lucille, embarrassed and increasingly desperate for an ordinary life, pulls away from both Sylvie and Ruth and moves in with a home economics teacher instead. Ruth, drawn toward Sylvie's rootlessness rather than away from it, stays, and when the town's concern for the girls' welfare turns into a threat that the county will take Ruth away, Sylvie burns the house and the two of them cross the railway trestle over the lake on foot and disappear into transience together, Ruth choosing her aunt's wandering over the settled life the town wanted to give her.
Robinson writes in long, patient, image heavy sentences that circle back on loss, water, and the difference between housekeeping and homemaking, so the novel reads slowly and rewards a reader willing to sit with its digressions rather than push through them for plot. Its central question, whether transience is a wound or a kind of freedom, never resolves into an answer, and that refusal to settle is exactly what readers who love the book point to and what readers looking for a more conventional novel find frustrating.
Historical Context & Significance
Farrar, Straus and Giroux published Housekeeping in 1980, Robinson's first novel, and it won the Hemingway Foundation PEN Award in 1982, the prize given for a distinguished first novel, and was a finalist that same year for the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, which went instead to John Updike's Rabbit Is Rich. The novel built its reputation quickly among critics rather than through sales, later placed on Time magazine's list of the hundred best English language novels since 1923 and among the Guardian's hundred greatest novels of all time.
Bill Forsyth adapted it into a 1987 film starring Christine Lahti as Sylvie, shot in Nelson, British Columbia, and Robinson did not publish a second novel for more than twenty years, so Housekeeping stood alone as her only book for most of that time, its reputation growing steadily on its own rather than through anything that followed it.