Secret of the Andes
by Ann Nolan Clark
Summary
Cusi, a young Inca boy, lives with an old llama herder named Chuto in a hidden valley high in the Peruvian Andes, tending a flock that includes his favorite llama, Misti, and knowing almost nothing about how he came to be there or who his family was. Chuto is patient but withholding, answering Cusi's questions about his own origins only in fragments, and Cusi's growing curiosity about the world beyond the valley eventually sends him down from the mountains toward the town of Cuzco and the wider Peru around it. On his journey he encounters descendants of the old Inca nobility and pieces together, gradually, that his hidden valley and Chuto's guardianship are connected to a secret inheritance tied to the vanished wealth and dignity of the Inca people before the Spanish conquest. Cusi ultimately learns the truth of his own birth and understands that he has been raised, deliberately and carefully, to be a keeper of that inheritance himself, choosing at the book's close to return to the valley and Chuto rather than stay in the changed world below, accepting the quiet responsibility he has spent the whole story growing into. Misti the llama stays at his side through the whole journey, one of the few constants in a story otherwise built around Cusi's shifting understanding of who he is.
It moves slowly and reads more as a meditation than an adventure, built from short, spare, almost lyrical chapters that ask patience of a young reader more accustomed to incident driven plots; children who enjoy quiet, place centered stories will find more in it than those looking for momentum. Clark's own years spent living and working among Indigenous communities in Latin America, Peru among them, show in small, exact details of herding and mountain life that give the book real texture even at its stillest.
Historical Context & Significance
Secret of the Andes won the 1953 Newbery Medal for a book Viking published in 1952, illustrated by Jean Charlot. Its most discussed honor book, then and since, was E. B. White's Charlotte's Web, and the choice remains one of the most argued over Newbery results of the twentieth century. A committee member later explained her vote by saying she had not seen any good books about South America, and children's literature historian Anita Silvey summarized the general later verdict bluntly: Secret of the Andes is a good book, Charlotte's Web the best. The other 1953 honor books were Eloise Jarvis McGraw's Moccasin Trail, Ann Weil's Red Sails to Capri, Alice Dalgliesh's The Bears on Hemlock Mountain and Genevieve Foster's Birthdays of Freedom, Volume 1.
Clark drew on five years living and working among Indigenous communities across Latin America, after a quarter century teaching at Tesuque Pueblo in New Mexico, and the book is frequently cited today less for its own reception than for the comparison it has been measured against ever since.