Waterless Mountain
by Laura Adams Armer
Summary
Younger Brother, a Navajo boy growing up on the reservation in 1920s Arizona, spends the novel's early chapters absorbing the songs, ceremonies, and stories his uncle, a respected medicine man, passes down to him as part of a long apprenticeship toward the same calling. Armer follows him through everyday herding and family life as much as through ceremony, a slow, largely plotless structure built around the turning seasons rather than a single driving conflict, and the boy's training includes a long journey west to see the Pacific Ocean for the first time and an ascent of the waterless mountain of the title, both framed as steps in his growing understanding of his own people's relationship to the land around them. His uncle's stories carry most of the book's cultural material, explanations of ceremony and belief delivered through narrative rather than exposition, and by the novel's end Younger Brother has visibly grown into the beginning of the path his family always expected for him, closer to becoming a medicine man himself though still years from completing that training.
Armer lived among and studied the Navajo before writing the book, and that research shows in the specificity of the ceremonies and daily details she includes, though the novel is still very much an outside author's account of a culture not her own, written for a young, mostly non Navajo readership of its time. It reads slowly and contemplatively rather than as an adventure story, closer in pace to its subject's own patient apprenticeship than to a plot driven children's book, which asks real patience of a young modern reader used to faster storytelling.
Historical Context & Significance
Longmans, Green published Waterless Mountain in 1931, and it won the 1932 Newbery Medal as well as the publisher's own Longmans Juvenile Fiction Prize the same year, a rare double for a single book in this period. No committee citation survives from this era, but that year's runners up included Rachel Field's Calico Bush, Dorothy Lathrop's The Fairy Circus and Eunice Tietjens's Boy of the South Seas.
Armer had begun documenting the Hopi and Navajo of the Southwest systematically in 1919 and 1920, work that produced photographs, publications and a 1928 film before the novel, and she and her husband Sidney Armer illustrated the book themselves. Among its characters is Big Man, a white trading post owner who respects Navajo ways and forms an affectionate bond with Younger Brother, a relationship later readers have looked at more warily than the book's first audience did. The novel is still read mainly as a Newbery winner and as an early attempt at a sympathetic portrait of Navajo life for young readers.